Product Classification
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Product Classification
Product classification can be done on a variety of points of view. Based on the least tangible, the product can be classified into two main groups, namely:
1. Stuff
Goods are physical tangible product, so that it can be seen, touched / touched, felt, held, stored, transferred, and other physical treatments. Judging from the aspect of durability, there are two kinds of goods, namely:
a. Goods Not Long Lasting (Nondurable Goods)
Perishable goods are tangible goods that normally been consumed in one or a few times usage. In other words, the economic age in normal use conditions less than one year. Examples are soap, beverages and snacks, chalk, sugar, and salt. Therefore this type of goods consumed rapidly in a short time and frequency of purchase is often the case, then the best strategy is to make them available in many locations, apply the mark-up small, and are heavily advertise to encourage people to try and simultaneously to form a preference.
b. Long Lasting Goods (Durable Goods)
Durable goods are tangible goods that normally survive long with a lot of usage (economic age for normal use is one year or more). Examples include TV, fridge, car, computer, and others. Generally these types of goods require personal selling and service more than perishable goods, providing greater benefits, and need a guarantee / warranty from the retailer specific.
2. Services
Services are activities, benefits or satisfaction offered for sale. For example repair shop, beauty salon, courses, hotels, educational institutions, and others.
CONSUMER GOODS CLASSIFICATION
In addition based on durability, the products are also classified by whom and for what the consumers of these products are consumed. Based on these criteria, the product can be differentiated into consumer goods (consumer’s goods) and industrial goods (industrial’s goods).
Consumer goods are goods consumed by final consumers for their own interests (individuals and households), not for business purposes. Consumer goods generally can be classified into four types, namely convenience goods, shopping goods, specialty goods, and unsought goods. This classification is based on the shopping habits of consumers, as reflected in the following three aspects (a) consumer effort to arrive at a purchasing decision, (b) attributes the attributes that consumers use in a purchase, and (c) frequency of purchase.
1. Convenience Goods
Convenience goods are goods which generally have a high purchase frequency (often purchased), take the time soon, and only requires a minimum of effort (very small) in comparison and purchase. Examples include cigarettes, soap, toothpaste, batteries, candy, and letters news. Convenience goods themselves can still be grouped into three types, namely staples, impulse goods, and emergency goods.
a. Staples is the consumer goods purchased on a regular basis or routine, such as soap and toothpaste.
b. Impulse goods are goods purchased without prior planning or search effort. Usually the impulse goods available and on display in many scattered places, so that consumers do not bother looking for him. Example candies, chocolate, magazines. Usually the impulse goods on display near the cash register or strategic places in the supermarket.
c. Emergency goods are goods purchased if a consumer feels the need is urgent, such as umbrellas and raincoats in the rainy season.
2. Shopping Goods
Shopping goods are goods that in the process of selecting and buying by consumers than among the various alternatives that are available. Comparison criteria include price, quality, and model of each item. Examples of household equipment, clothing, and furniture.
Shopping goods consisting of two types, namely homogeneous shopping goods and heterogeneous goods shopping.
a. Homogeneous shopping goods are goods that the consumer is considered similar in quality but different enough in price. Thus, consumers trying to find the cheapest price by comparing prices at one store with another store example is a tape recorder, TV and washing machine.
b. Heterogeneous shopping goods are goods that aspect or characteristic features (features) are considered more important by consumers than the price aspect. In other words, consumers perceive it differently in terms of quality and attributes. For example household goods, furniture, and clothing.
3. Specially Goods
Specialty goods are goods that have characteristics and / or identification of a unique brand in which a group of consumers willing to make a special effort to buy it.
General types of specialty goods luxury goods brand and specific model, such as Lamborghini cars, the clothes designed by famous designer (eg by Christian Dior and Versace), Nikon, etc..
4. Unsought Goods
Unsouqht goods are goods that are not known to consumers or if already known, but is generally not thought to buy it. There are two types of unsouqht goods, which regularly unsought goods and unsought goods now.
a. Regularly unsought products are goods that actually already exists and is known to consumers, but did not think to buy it. For example free, life insurance, tombstones, cemetery.
b. New unsought products are goods that a completely new and completely unknown customers. This item is the result of innovation and new product development, so that not many consumers know.
Every company needs to understand that the criteria of a product including the type which, depending on each individual. You might think the TV as good shopping, so to buy a TV it will go to several stores before deciding to buy what brand TV. However, for someone might be a specialty good TV and he just wanted to give the TV Sony.
Classification of products to a consumer goods may change with the length of an item available in the market. For example, when first introduced, a Sony tape recorder specialty items. We have a growing number of other brands, the tape recorder is already a good shopping for the various community groups.